Ngā rerekētanga o ngā rautaki whakahaere pāmahana mō ngā tāke whakapūkara rerekē te rahi i roto i ngā tukanga whakapūkara koiora

Kupu Whakataki

Ko te whakapūkara koiora he tukanga e huri ana i ngā rauemi mata hei hua whainga mā roto i ngā mahi pākia o ngā moroiti. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā mara rongoā, kai, ahuwhenua, me te tiaki taiao. I roto i te tukanga whakapūkara, ko te pāmahana te tawhā matua e pā ana ki te mahi moroiti, ngā ara pākia, me te hanganga hua. He rerekētanga nui kei roto i ngā rautaki whakahaere pāmahana i waenga i ngā tauine rerekē o ngā tāke whakapūkara, ko te nuinga e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te pai o te kawe wera, te hanganga pūnaha whakahaere, te tere urupare, te whakahaere whakapaunga pūngao, me te tauine tukanga. Ka tātarihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā rerekētanga o ngā rautaki whakahaere pāmahana o ngā tāke whakapūkara i ngā tauine taiwhanga, whakamātautau, me ngā tauine ahumahi, me ngā take kei muri i ēnei, me te whāinga ki te whakarato i ngā tohutoro ariā mō te arotau me te whakanui ake i ngā tukanga whakapūkara.

I. Te Tūranga o te Whakahaere Pāmahana i roto i te Tukanga Whakapūkara

Ka pā te pāmahana ki te mahi whākōkī o ngā pūtau moroiti, te urunga o ngā kiriuhi pūtau, te kōwhiringa o ngā ara pākia, me te tere hanganga o ngā hua. I roto i te nuinga o ngā tukanga whakapūkara, ko te awhe pāmahana tino pai mō ngā moroiti kei waenga i te 20 me te 40 nekehanga Celsius. Ki te nui ake i tēnei awhe ka heke te whai huatanga o te pākia, ka mate rānei ngā pūtau. Nō reira, ko te pupuri i te pāmahana tika me te pumau he mea nui hei whakarite i te whai huatanga o te whakapūkara me te kounga o te hua.

Ehara i te mea me pupuri tonu te pāmahana i te pāmahana kua whakaritea kia pumau noa iho, engari me whai kaha hoki ki te aro wawe ki ngā wero pēnei i ngā huringa wera ohorere (pēnei i te tere o te tipu o ngā moroiti e whakaputa ana i te nui o te wera pākia) i te wā o te tukanga whakapūkara.

II. Ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Pāmahana o ngā Ipu Whakapūkara Tauine Rerekē

1. Tauine Taiwhanga (1L - 20L)

Ngā ipu whakapūkara taumata-taiwhanga he iti ake te rahi, ā, he tere te whakaputa me te memeha o te wera. He tino māmā ā rātou pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana, ā, ko ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei te nuinga:

• Pūnaha Whakamahana: He koti whakamahana hiko, he tokotoko whakamahana rānei;
• Pūnaha Whakamatao: Te rere o te wai matao mā roto i te koti, i ngā koiri whakamatao rānei kua hangaia ki roto;
• Pūnaha Whakahaere: Pūnaha whakahaere PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) e hono ana ki ngā thermistors hei whakahaere i te whakawhiti i waenga i te whakamahana me te whakamatao;
• Urupare Pāmahana: Ka tukuna e ngā takirua wera, ngā whakamahana rānei ngā tohu pāmahana wā-tūturu.

Nā te iti o te rahi, ka tohatohahia te wera kia ōrite, ka tere te whakahaere i te pāmahana, ā, he teitei te pumau o te pūnaha. Ko te piki me te heke o te pāmahana i te nuinga o te wā kei roto i te ±0.2℃.

2. Tauine Paerata (50L - 500L)

Ngā oko whakapūkara tauine-pairati e whakamahia ana mō te arotautanga tukanga me te manatoko i te tauine. Ka tino piki ake te uaua o te pūnaha:

• Tikanga Whakamahana: Pūnaha tohanga wai wera mā roto i te koti whakamahana, i te mamaoa rānei
• Tikanga Whakamatao: He koti paparua-paparanga me te tohanga wai whakamatao, he koiri whakamatao ā-roto rānei;
• Taputapu Whakahaere Pāmahana: He pūnaha whakahaere PLC te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whakarite i te ōwehenga o te wai matao/wera;
• Ngā Pūwāhi Aroturuki: Ka taea te whakanoho i ngā pūoko pāmahana ki ngā pūwāhi maha hei aroturuki i ngā rerekētanga pāmahana i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te wai.

I tēnei wā, kāore te tohatoha pāmahana i te tino ōrite. Ina koa i roto i ngā pūnaha whakapūkara matotoru, i ngā pūnaha whakapūkara matotoru pūtau rānei, ka puta pea te wera nui, te makariri iti rānei i te rohe, nō reira me whakatikatika mā te arotau i te pai o te whakaoho me te kaha urupare o te pūnaha whakahaere.

3. Tauine Ahumahi (1m³ ki ētahi tekau m³)

Ngā tāke whakapūkara tauine ahumahi ka pāngia e ngā wero anō i roto i te whakahaere pāmahana:

• Take whai hua o te whakawhiti wera: I te pikinga o te rōrahi, ka heke te ōwehenga o te horahanga mata ki te rōrahi, ka uaua ake te horapa o te wera i roto i te rōrahi kotahi;
• Te tere o te kohikohinga o te wera pākia: Ko te kukū nui o ngā pūtau me te kaha o te pākia ka hua ake te tere o te kohikohinga o te wera;
• Pūnaha whakamatao whakarei ake: He maha ngā pūnaha pēnei i ngā koti paparanga maha, ngā pouaka whakamatao mana-teitei, ngā koiri whakamatao, me ngā pourewa whakamatao kua whakamahia;
• Te taumata teitei o te aunoatanga: Ka whakamahia ngā pūnaha DCS (Pūnaha Whakahaere Tohatoha) me ngā pūnaha SCADA rānei mō te whakahaere i te pāmahana, e āhei ai te whakahaere i te pāmahana rohe me te whakarerekētanga hihiri;
• Te pikinga o te ātete wera: Te puhoi o te tauhohenga, te whakaroa i te whakahaere pāmahana, nō reira me matapae wawe me te whakatikatika;

Hei tāpiritanga, i te wā e hoahoa ana i ngā tāke whakapūkara nui, me whakamahi te whakatauira CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) hei matapae i te tohatoha o te āpure pāmahana, hei ārahi i te tahora o ngā paipa whakamatao me te hoahoa o ngā mea whakaoho.

III. Te Tātari i ngā Rerekētanga o ngā Rautaki Whakahaere Pāmahana

1. Te Tere o te Urupare o te Mana Pāmahana

Ka tere te urupare a te pūnaha tauine taiwhanga, ka oti te whakarerekētanga pāmahana i roto i ētahi hēkona ruarua;

He tere urupare toharite tō te pūnaha tauine-pairati, e hia tekau hēkona ki ētahi meneti te roa;

Ko te pūnaha tauine ahumahi te mea tino puhoi te urupare, ka roa pea mō ētahi meneti, ka roa ake rānei. Nō reira, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he rautaki matapae (mana matapae).

Pūnaha whakapūkara tauine ahumahi MIKEBIO

2. Te Kanorau o ngā Tikanga Whakahaere Pāmahana

Mō ngā pūnaha iti, ko te whakamahana hiko me te whakahaere wai matao ngā tikanga matua;

Mō ngā pūnaha tauine-pairati me runga ake, ko te whakamahana mamaoa me te whakarerekētanga o te ōwehenga ranunga wai whakamatao te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana;

Mō ngā tāke tauine ahumahi, e hiahiatia ana te whakahaere maha-hongere, ā, ka whakawhiti aunoatia ngā pūtake makariri/wera i runga i te pāmahana taiao, te wāhanga whakapūkara, me ngā huringa kawenga wera.

3. Te ōritetanga o te tohatoha wera

Nā te iti o ngā tāke iti, ka taea te whakatutuki i te ōritetanga o te wera mā te whakaoho;

Me whakakotahi ngā tāke tauine-pairati i te whakaoho me te pūnaha tohanga whakahaere pāmahana;

Ko ngā tāke ahumahi e hiahia ana ki ngā hoahoa hanganga ā-roto uaua ake, pērā i te ine pāmahana maha ngā pūwāhi, te rere whakaoho ahunga, me te whakamatao paparanga, me ētahi atu.

1. Ngā Uauatanga i roto i te Whakahaere Pāmahana me ngā Aronga Arotau

IV. Te Hononga i waenga i te Whakahaere Pāmahana me te Whai Huatanga o te Whakapūkara

Te tika o te whakahaere pāmahana tika ngā pānga te tere tipu o ngā moroiti me te momo matū matū ka puta. Hei tauira, i roto i te whakapūtanga paturopi, mā te pikinga o te pāmahana ka tere ake te kohikohinga tuatahi o te koiora, engari ka aukati i te hanganga o ngā matū matū matū tuarua. Mō ngā tukanga kei reira te hua whakapūtanga he pūmua tairongo-mahana, pērā i ngā pūnaha whakaaturanga pūmua recombinant, mā ngā rerekētanga o te pāmahana ka arahi pea ki te takai hē o te hanganga pūmua, te hanganga rānei o ngā tinana whakauru, ka tino whakaiti i te hua o te hua.

I tua atu, i te wā e whakanui ake ana i te tukanga, ko ngā rerekētanga o ngā rautaki whakahaere pāmahana tētahi o ngā tino take he uaua ki te tārua i ngā raraunga taiwhanga i raro i ngā āhuatanga ahumahi.

Whakamutunga

He tawhā matua te whakahaere pāmahana i roto i te tukatuka koiora o te whakapūkara. Me whai rautaki whakahaere pāmahana kua whakaritea mō ngā oko whakapūkara rerekē te rahi. Ko te whakapūkara iti e aro ana ki te urupare tere me te pumau, ko te whakapūkara waenga e hiahia ana ki te taurite i waenga i te tere urupare me te tohatoha pāmahana ōrite, ko te tauine ahumahi ia e hiahia ana ki te aunoatanga teitei me te whakamahere pūnaha. Mā te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau hanga me te tātari raraunga atamai, ka nui ake te mohio me te tika o ngā pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana a meake nei, ka whakarato tautoko kaha mō ngā tukanga whakapūkara whai hua me te whakahaere.

I tētahi atu taha, i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi pūwero koiora, he mea tika kia kimihia he kaihanga tūturu he ingoa pai, he kaha hoki, kia pai ai te kounga o te hua. I whakatūria a Jiangsu Mike Biotechnology Co., Ltd. i te tau 2008, he arotahi ki taputapu whakapūkara koiora rangahau me te whanaketanga, te whakaputa me te hoko o ngā umanga hangarau teitei. He tūāpapa whakapūtanga whakamātautau tō tā mātou kamupene, e honoa ana ki te matauranga me te aunoatanga, ā, kua hangaia he pūnaha whakapūtanga pakeke, e taea ai te whakatutuki i te arotautanga o te tukanga whakapūtanga whakamātautau, te tono whanaketanga o ngā tukanga tukanga katoa mai i te whakaputa whakapūtanga whakamātautau ki te wehenga me te purenga o ngā hua whakapūtanga, me te whakatū i tētahi teihana mahi tākuta me tētahi taiwhanga hou.

He wheketere whakaputa paerewa tā tā mātou kamupene, me ngā huinga taputapu me ngā taputapu katoa e hiahiatia ana mō te tāutanga, tae atu ki te maha o ngā taputapu mīhini, te mīhini whakarewa pewa hauāriki aunoa, te mīhini oro aunoa, te mīhini tapahi aunoa me te mīhini kimi hapa me ētahi atu huinga taputapu whakaputa me te whakamātautau neke atu i te 60, e tutuki ana i te tukanga whakaputa katoa ngā mahi paerewa hou, hei whakarato i ngā kiritaki ki te kounga ngaio me te tautoko hangarau.